The Public Sphere – International Communication
A natural heir to the critical theorists, the German sociologist Jiirgen Habermas (born 1929) also lamented the standardization, massification and atomization of the public. Habermas
Read MoreCritical Theory – International Communication
Among the substantial body of research undertaken by the Frankfurt School theorists, the concept of the ‘culture industry’, first used by Adorno and Horkheimer in
Read MoreHegemony – International Communication
By arguing that the propaganda model succeeds because there is no significant overt coercion from the state, Herman and Chomsky, in some ways, were following
Read MoreStructural Imperialism
Galtung argues that the world consists of developed ‘centre’ states and underdeveloped ‘periphery’ states. In turn, each centre and periphery state possesses a ‘core’ –
Read MoreDependency Theory
Dependency theory emerged in Latin America in the late 1960s and 1970s, partly as a consequence of the political situation in the continent, with increasing
Read MoreModernization Theory
Complementary to the doctrine of ‘free flow’ in the post-war years was the view that international communication was the key to the process of modernization
Read MoreFree flow of information
Free flow of information, After the Second World War and the establishment of a bi-polar world of free market capitalism and state socialism, theories of
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